LLAW’s NUCLEAR WORLD TODAY, #1035, Thurssday, (09/04/2025)

“End Nuclear Insanity Before Nuclear Insanity Ends Humanity” ~llaw

Lloyd A. Williams-Pendergraft

Sep 04, 2025

On My Mind Today:

Considering the Artificial Intelligence (AI) implications and Trump’s presence and agenda in the White House as the ineffable leader of our country — particularly where “All Things Nuclear” are at the world’s beck and call — I am feeling a more instant reactionary force to extend, improve, and increase my commentary and warnings about the future of not only the USA, but of other countries — large and small — around the world. And to do that, I need help . . .

There is so much to be said that is not being said about the entire nuclear spectrum—along with AI — that we are mistakenly overlooking and/or ignoring. Somehow, we, as a mass of collective sentient human beings in the USA and around the world, have failed to realize that “all things nuclear” is the forbidden “fruit”, intentionally or not, that may well take us all to the precipice of the proverbial cliff of death — if not over the fateful edge.

So it is that I am considering making a valiant attempt to expand my own anti-nuclear territory by imploring others to help establish some kind of loosely or, better still, tightly associated journalists, educators, and scientists, aware citizens of “all things nuclear” concern who will focus our future on the probable chance that will be no future at all if “all things nuclear” continues to be considered beneficial to human or other life on planet Earth.

To attempt to do this sooner-rather-than-later necessary and much needed greater approach, I will need time, social interest, perhaps publicists, and help from already subjective associated non-profit enterprises such as the “Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists”, the “Union of Concerned Scientists”, and as many similar and like non-profit associations to improve, expand, and beat the drums for a new kind of non-nuclear peace and good will on planet Earth.

In the meantime I will continue with where I’m at now, and even if my new agenda fails to get off the ground, I will go on with my hope of someday ridding planet Earth of all things nuclear before all thinks nuclear before it rids itself of us, or as I state every day: ””End Nuclear Insanity Before Nuclear Insanity Ends Humanity”. ~llaw

Trump photo is from my personal files because photo from the following article from the “Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists” is not available ~llaw

Article #1 of 3 today:

Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

Introduction: How the Trump administration has upended international relations and increased existential risk

By Dan Drollette Jr | September 4, 2025

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Proposed tariffs that are the highest in a century. Threatened annexations of other countries. Pulling out of the Paris agreements to fight climate change. Slashes to the funding of public health research. Attacks on higher education (and indeed, any outside source of expertise), along with threats to deport any foreign students or immigrants who don’t toe the line. Cozying up to dictators at the expense of long-time Western allies.

The role of the United States in international affairs is changing dramatically, as the Trump administration imposes a new order upon the planet. It may not be as coherent and coordinated as, say, the Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe after World War II, but the 80-year-old post-war order is clearly morphing into something else, for better or worse.

To help make sense of the thinking behind this new state of affairs, this issue of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists includes expert viewpoints from disparate fields—including a top analyst of international security policy, historians, a climate scientist, a college president, a former presidential science advisor, and a Nobel Prize-winning economist. Each examines a different facet of the new new world order that Donald Trump has wrought in his second presidential term.

As Harvard University strategist Graham Allison notes, the current US president enjoys violating rules. Indeed, Allison says, “he [Trump] sees rules and norms as invitations to violation—if by violating the rules he can outrage his audience. In his book The Art of the Deal he explains how if by violating a rule or norm, he can outrage his target audience, they will be less comfortable and thus more willing to give him a better deal than he could get otherwise.”

It’s a strategy that keeps observers on the back foot, constantly wondering which Trump pronouncement is aimed only at stoking outrage and which is a trial balloon for an outrageous plan that could become real—such as annexation. In “Will the Trump administration attempt to annex Greenland, Canada, or somewhere else,” historian Daniel Immerwahr—author of How to Hide an Empire—notes that an observer can err in both directions: “It’s possible to chase after something that was never really serious in the first place, and it’s also possible to not take something seriously that turns out to be a reality.” He also points out that some of Trump’s proposals, such as making Canada a 51st state, are not new, but tap into a deep historical urge for empire-building—something which has been simmering below the surface in America since the country’s founding.

The new state of international affairs also contains an element of distraction. As Frank Gavin—director of the Henry A. Kissinger Center for Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies—notes in his interview, “He’s basically running a reality TV show,” Trump thrives on chaos. By focusing public attention on outrageous statements about international relations—such as saying that the US is going to gain control of Greenland “one way or another” or renaming the Gulf of Mexico as the “Gulf of America”—Trump is able to institute very unpopular domestic policies with minimal pushback.

This constant barrage of outlandish rhetoric also serves another purpose: It belittles the idea of serious discussion involving evidence and expertise—as seen by the administration’s declaration that Ukraine started the war with Russia. Nobel Prize-winning economist and former New York Times columnist Paul Krugman suspects that the administration does not like research and researchers because, he says, “Science is inherently subversive. Science tells you things you don’t want to hear. Science, and the scientific method, may contradict your prejudices.”

His view is echoed by Leon Botstein, the president of Bard College, who writes that “[a] key and crucial attribute of autocratic regimes is that they permit neither dissent nor contradiction. The notion of truth does not matter. In fact, myth and fantasy—as well as unpredictability and inconsistency—become powerful political tools.”

From its immigration policies to its assault on America’s leading universities, the Trump administration seems determined to upend decades of close cooperation between the federal government and higher education. In his essay, “Autocracy and the university in America today,”

Botstein argues that Trump’s assault could dismantle the competitive edge that international students and US research universities have brought to America. To fight what is happening today, Botstein says, American educators need to resist—but not to defend the status quo that existed before January 20, 2025. Instead, in a post-Trump America, he says that educators need to work for better universities that can “lead to the reformed and improved educational system needed to restore and protect democracy.”


Article #2 of 3 today:

By link only:

Interview: Harvard’s Graham Allison on the second Trump administration and the …

from Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

Article #3 of 3 today:

By link only:

80 Years and Counting: Now Is Not the Time for Complacency in Nuclear Security

from the Stimson Center

ABOUT THE FOLLOWING ACCESS TO “LLAW’s All Nuclear Daily Digest” RELATED MEDIA”:

There are 7 categories, including a bonus non-nuclear category for news about the Yellowstone caldera and other volcanic and caldera activity around the world that also play an important role in the survival of human and other life.

The feature categories provide articles and information about ‘all things nuclear’ for you to pick from, usually with up to 3 links with headlines concerning the most important media stories in each category, but sometimes fewer and occasionally even none (especially so with the Yellowstone Caldera). The Categories are listed below in their usual order:

  1. All Things Nuclear
  2. Nuclear Power
  3. Nuclear Power Emergencies
  4. Nuclear War Threats
  5. Nuclear War
  6. Yellowstone Caldera (Note: There are two Yellowstone Caldera bonus stories available in today’s Post.)
  7. IAEA News (Friday’s only)

A current Digest of major nuclear media headlines with automated links is listed below by nuclear Category (in the above listed order). If a Category heading does not appear in the daily news Digest, it means there was no news reported from this Category today. Generally, the three best articles in each Category from around the nuclear world(s) are Posted. Occasionally, if a Post is important enough, it may be listed in multiple Categories.

TODAY’S ALL NUCLEAR WORLD’s NEWS, Thursday, (09/04/2025)

All Things Nuclear

NEWS

Satellite photos raise questions about Israel’s secretive nuclear programme

South China Morning Post

Seven experts who examined the images all said they believed the construction was related to Israel’s long-suspected nuclear weapons programme …

Interview: Harvard’s Graham Allison on the second Trump administration and the …

Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

If you talk to people about the possibility of a nuclear war, as you … things he says about China and all the things he says about Xi Jinping.

What is being constructed at Israel’s nuclear center? | The Jerusalem Post

The Jerusalem Post

… about other nuclear facilities in the country” outside of the Soreq research reactor. See more on. Israel|. Dimona|. IAEA|. Nuclear|. Shimon Peres …

Nuclear Power

NEWS

Jellyfish disrupt French nuclear power plant for second time – BBC

BBC

The jellyfish entered the filters of the pumping station and the Paluel nuclear plant, France’s national energy firm EDF said. The incident reduced …

Energy company makes unexpected request for shuttered nuclear plant – Yahoo Finance

Yahoo Finance

Investments in a renewable future can be seen across the globe, and a recent request by NextEra Energy may bring about a shift in US nuclear …

Shuttered Nuclear Plants Are the Industry’s Best Bet for an Imminent Boost – Bloomberg

Bloomberg.com

The shuttered Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in Middletown, Pennsylvania. The shuttered Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in …

Nuclear War Threats

NEWS

Kremlin mouthpiece booms threat to DROWN UK with Russian ‘nuclear torpedo’ – The US Sun

The US Sun

… nuclear torpedo. Vladimir Solovyov, leading TV attack dog for Vladimir Putin, issued the menacing threat … threats on state-controlled …

The Arctic Front: Kremlin Propagandists Threaten To Nuke Norway, by Austin Bay

Creators Syndicate

Nuclear threats are part of the playbook. Russian nuclear dominance is central to Putin’s threatened war on Free Europe. Free Europe? By that I …

80 Years and Counting: Now Is Not the Time for Complacency in Nuclear Security

Stimson Center

New Threats in a New Century. The lessons from the Cold War were adapted to the needs of nuclear nonproliferation and nuclear security as the threat …

Nuclear War

NEWS

Russia says it will help China overtake the United States on nuclear power – Yahoo

Yahoo

MOSCOW (Reuters) -Russian President Vladimir Putin told Kyiv on Wednesday there was a chance to end the war in Ukraine via negotiations “if common …

Could AI Trigger a Nuclear War? – VICE

VICE

AI acts like Curtis LeMay, the famously nuke-happy Cold War general. It wants to nuke the opposition into oblivion.

UN watchdog: Iran expanded stockpile of near weapons-grade uranium before Israeli attack

The Times of Israel

VIENNA (AP) — A confidential report by the United Nations’ nuclear watchdog circulated to member states and seen by The Associated Press said …

See more results Edit this alertNuclear Power EmergenciesNEWS

St. Lucie nuclear plant sirens to be tested Sept. 4 – WQCS

WQCS

The test is conducted by Florida Power & Light Co., along with the St. Lucie County Public Safety Department and Martin County Emergency Management …

Nuclear drill tests emergency readiness at Monticello plant – Hometown Source

Hometown Source

MONTICELLO — State, local and federal agencies came together last month for a simulated emergency drill at the Monticello Nuclear Generating Plant …

Callaway Nuclear Plant to conduct biennial emergency preparedness exercise – Fulton Sun

Fulton Sun

The Callaway Plant will hold a biennial radiological emergency preparedness exercise later this month. A Federal Emergency Management Agency …

Yellowstone Caldera

NEWS

Lava flows in Yellowstone (Yellowstone Monthly Update – September 2025) – YouTube

YouTube

Picture a Yellowstone eruption. What comes to mind? It’s a huge explosion, right? Like the one that formed the caldera about 631000 years ago.

Lava flows in Yellowstone! (Yellowstone Monthly Update September 2025) – USGS.gov

USGS.gov

Picture a Yellowstone eruption. What comes to mind? It’s a huge explosion, right? Like the one that formed the caldera about 631,000 years ago.

LLAW’s NUCLEAR WORLD TODAY, #1034, Wednesday, (09/03/2025)

“End Nuclear Insanity Before Nuclear Insanity Ends Humanity” ~llaw

Lloyd A. Williams-Pendergraft

Sep 03, 2025

On My Mind Today:

I have written about the possibility or probability of nuclear terrorism several times, but not to the extent of actually considering the building and transporting of a nuclear bomb — or weapons of mass destruction — because the theft and delivery from or by a terrorist organization must first have a way to obtain uranium nuclear fuel, which would also require an existing terrorist organization — perhaps the one that would wear suits — in order to acquire the uranium fuel in order to build the bomb(s).

This scenario, from author Matt CaplanVesal Razavimaleki has used Iran as having a possible terrorist resident organization given the history of Iran’s right-or-wrong aspirations to build and use nuclear weapons against their enemies. But in reality, terrorist organizations could emerge from many other countries around the globe, including countries that already have nuclear weapons of mass destruction.

But the issue described in the article is a valid one, in some cases even now, and one that was recognized long ago — in 1939 by Albert Einstein and Leo Szilard that terrorists would have difficulty delivering nuclear warheads to countries and organizations they would want to attackbut it could be done . . . ~llaw

See the article from the “Bulletin of Atomic Scientists” for image description and photo credits . . . ~llaw

Nuclear terrorists wear suits: How Iran could build a nuclear weapon without state approval

By Matt CaplanVesal Razavimaleki | July 31, 2025

In 1939, Albert Einstein and Leo Szilard suggested that a nuclear weapon may be too heavy to be delivered by air, but could be brought into a port in a cargo container and detonated. Such a scenario is now feasible for aspiring nuclear terrorists in Iran. (Modified photo by Diego Cervo / depositphotos.com)

A nuclear terrorist does not match the profile of a suicide bomber or spree gunman. It’s not someone building a nuclear weapon in a cave from a box of scraps. A nuclear terrorist, rather, could be hiding in plain sight in a mid-tier government post.

Such a person could be active in Iran, right now, motivated to build an improvised nuclear weapon after an opportunity to steal weapon-usable uranium—enriched at 60 percent uranium 235—has just presented itself. This person could be emboldened by the absence of IAEA inspectors overseeing Iran’s known stockpile of fissile material.

Despite popular confusion about the nature of critical masses and what level of enrichment can be used for a weapon, a technical companion shows that as little as 40 kilograms of 60-percent-enriched uranium, representing only 10 percent of Iran’s stockpile, could be used to build a crude gun-type weapon like the “Little Boy” bomb that destroyed Hiroshima with an explosive yield of several kilotons. Such a weapon requires no further enrichment, greatly simplifying and fast-tracking construction.

The question, therefore, is not whether Iran can achieve its nuclear ambitions, but whether and how these can be realized by nuclear terrorists without state approval.

If not by air, then by cargo. In their letter to US President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Leo Szilard and Albert Einstein suggested that a nuclear weapon may be too heavy to be delivered by air, but could be brought into a port in a cargo container and detonated. Such a scenario is feasible for aspiring nuclear terrorists in Iran. While the technical hurdles of building a nuclear weapon have long been discussed, they may not be insurmountable to a well-resourced group of clandestine sub-state actors.

As of July 2025, publicly available intelligence was inconclusive about what remains of Iran’s enrichment capabilities and other nuclear assets following the June attacks by Israel and the United States on its nuclear facilities. Some experts have suggested, reasonably so from a tactical perspective, that Iran may have removed part of its enriched uranium stockpile from the Fordow underground enrichment facility and scattered it into multiple secret caches, perhaps even in otherwise innocuous non-military storage facilities, to prevent the United States and Israel from destroying the entire stockpile and equipment in a single decapitating strike. Although hypothetical, such caches could create as many opportunities to intercept material in transport as it would to recruit a co-conspirator to help steal some.

RELATED:

The radiation risks of Iran’s nuclear program, with or without a strike on Fordow

Where from inside the Iranian leadership? To understand how a mid-level official might take such actions, it is essential to examine the structure of power and ideology within the Islamic Republic.

The Islamic Republic of Iran is governed through a hybrid political-theocratic structure, ultimately ruled by Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. While formal executive, legislative, and judicial institutions exist, real power lies in unelected bodies and individuals loyal to the Supreme Leader. Among them, the Guardian Council vets all candidates for conformity to Islamic ideology, and the Assembly of Experts, a body of clerics, is officially supervisory to the Supreme Leader, but practically subservient to him.

The Supreme Leader also controls all major military and intelligence appointments, including the direct command of the IRGC, a parallel military and political institution separate from the traditional armed forces. Unlike the Iranian army, which is tasked with conventional defense and is generally apolitical, the IRGC is an ideological military organization that was formed after the 1979 revolution to protect the regime. Over the years, the IRGC has evolved into a sprawling enterprise with external and domestic military and intelligence branches, and also controls a vast array of holdings in all key sectors of the Iranian economy.

What for? The catastrophic loss of senior officials and infrastructure during the so-called “12-day war” between Israel, supported by the United States, and Iran in June was, for many regime insiders, not merely a military defeat but a profound humiliation. For some, this may have resulted in a loss of faith in the regime’s ideology, while for others, it could catalyze the initiative to take redemptive action and press ahead with building one or several nuclear weapons. A disillusioned, yet ideologically committed, IRGC officer might view unilateral action such as a nuclear attack against Israel as necessary to rekindle the revolutionary spirit of the late 1970s and reestablish the deterrence that preceded the October 7, 2023 attacks. With the regime losing face and at its weakest point in its 46-year history and recent progress in Iran’s nuclear technology and fissile material production, the risk is the highest now that one or a group of IRGC or Quds Force officers takes matters into their own hands. The conspirators need not be suicidal either. The international response to any nuclear terrorist attack would be certain to be devastating to the Iranian regime, even if it did not give explicit approval for such an operation. This could be an opportunity for conspirators to place the blame on the regime leadership, mount a coup, and take power in Iran.

RELATED:

What if Iran withdraws from the NPT?

A comprehensive coup need not be the motivation of a cabal, though. If the incentive is the return of glory to the regime establishment, the aspiring terrorists could offload liability to ideological partners within the regime’s proxies, such as Hezbollah, Hamas, or the Houthis. Like the regime in Iran, the leaders of these organizations are generally self-preserving; those who are not tend to be quickly replaced by those who are. As such, proxies may be hesitant to participate in such a scheme for fear that its success could destabilize their patron regime in Iran. However, there are certainly abundant middle-tier members who may have received their posts for ideological reasons and who may be more easily recruited by the cabal. The cabal may not necessarily have to take responsibility for all the technical challenges, such as uranium conversion, material acquisition and machining, and weapon delivery. Small numbers of technicians with access to relatively common industrial equipment could handle most of the work, and could be bribed, deceived, or placed under duress to do so if they are not ideologically driven to participate.

These conspirators and their motivations are completely imagined. But the opportunity for a nuclear terrorist to siphon uranium from Iranian stockpiles is very real, and may be the greatest risk of nuclear terrorism ever encountered. This risk could be reduced significantly with robust IAEA access to the known Iranian stockpile: The earlier any missing uranium is detected, the less any sort of nuclear terrorist scheme would likely succeed.


ABOUT THE FOLLOWING ACCESS TO “LLAW’s All Nuclear Daily Digest” RELATED MEDIA”:

There are 7 categories, including a bonus non-nuclear category for news about the Yellowstone caldera and other volcanic and caldera activity around the world that also play an important role in the survival of human and other life.

The feature categories provide articles and information about ‘all things nuclear’ for you to pick from, usually with up to 3 links with headlines concerning the most important media stories in each category, but sometimes fewer and occasionally even none (especially so with the Yellowstone Caldera). The Categories are listed below in their usual order:

  1. All Things Nuclear
  2. Nuclear Power
  3. Nuclear Power Emergencies
  4. Nuclear War Threats
  5. Nuclear War
  6. Yellowstone Caldera (Note: There is one Yellowstone Caldera bonus story available in today’s Post.)
  7. IAEA News (Friday’s only)

A current Digest of major nuclear media headlines with automated links is listed below by nuclear Category (in the above listed order). If a Category heading does not appear in the daily news Digest, it means there was no news reported from this Category today. Generally, the three best articles in each Category from around the nuclear world(s) are Posted. Occasionally, if a Post is important enough, it may be listed in multiple Categories.

TODAY’S ALL NUCLEAR WORLD’s NEWS, Wednesday, (09/03/2025)

All Things Nuclear

NEWS

It’s past time to start protecting US nuclear power reactors from drones

Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

… nuclear plants here and overseas. RELATED: DOGE’s staff firing fiasco at the nuclear weapon agency means everything but efficiency. Meanwhile, the …

The Nuclear Force Requirements of a Protracted Conventional War

The Heritage Foundation

… nuclear-armed ALCM. For this reason, a penetrating stealth platform carrying a B61 remains, all things considered, a preferable option to signal …

Man sets record straight on common misconception about nuclear energy: ‘It’s super clean’

Yahoo

Compare that to coal or gas, which release millions of tons of ash, mercury, and other pollutants into the air and water every year. Advertisement.

Nuclear Power

NEWS

Russia says it will help China overtake the United States on nuclear power – Yahoo

Yahoo

… nuclear power, the chief of Russia’s Rosatom state nuclear corporation said in comments broadcast on state TV on Wednesday after talks in Beijing …

Russia says it will help China overtake the United States on nuclear power | Reuters

Reuters

China is racing to build dozens of reactors though and had 53.2 GW of operating nuclear power reactor capacity as of April 2024, according to the U.S. …

Satellite photos show intense work at Dimona nuclear reactor site, AP reports

The Times of Israel

They told the Associated Press it could be a new reactor or a facility to assemble nuclear arms — but secrecy shrouding the program makes it difficult …

Nuclear Power Emergencies

NEWS

Rethinking transmission policy for an energy emergency – Utility Dive

Utility Dive

While a bidding process is often presumed to deliver consumer benefits, bidding efforts for transmission have not followed that pattern.

Shelter-in-Place | Emergency Management | Public Safety – William & Mary

William & Mary

These include such incidents as a tornado warning, a radiation release from Surry Nuclear Power Plant, a hazardous material spill or a violent person.

Military IL-76 makes emergency landing at Krasnoyarsk airport – PHOTO / VIDEO

Caliber.Az

A Russian military transport aircraft, an IL-76, has made an emergency landing at Cheremshanka Airport in Krasnoyarsk … nuclear power capacity, …

Nuclear War Threats

NEWS

Nuclear dangers resurface amid rising tensions | Kuwait Times Newspaper

Kuwait Times

Since the end of World War II, nuclear … What is alarming today, however, is the shift from implicit deterrence to open and explicit nuclear threats.

China Unveils New Nuclear Missiles for ‘Global’ Reach – Newsweek

Newsweek

Beijing claimed at the time that the event was part of its training plan. Faced with the evolving nuclear missile threat from China, Russia and North …

Rethinking the Threat: Why China is Unlikely to Invade Taiwan – Stimson Center

Stimson Center

… Threats and Diplomatic Pressure Against Taiwan,” New Release, Mainland … Likewise, the risk of conflict escalating to nuclear war with the U.S. is …

Nuclear War

NEWS

The Nuclear Force Requirements of a Protracted Conventional War

The Heritage Foundation

The United States needs a nuclear posture that can credibly deter limited, non-strategic nuclear war without either forcing it to escalate to …

China’s parade of new weaponry sends message of deterrence – Reuters

Reuters

From an upgraded, nuclear-armed missile with near-global reach, to air … War Two, in Beijing, China, September 3, 2025. REUTERS/Tingshu …

China’s New DF-61 Intercontinental Ballistic Missile Breaks Cover – The War Zone

The War Zone

China has reportedly been developing new generation ICBMs for years now amid a larger buildup of its nuclear arsenal.

Yellowstone Caldera

NEWS

Modernizing Geologic Mapping In Yellowstone: The Role Of Geodatabases In The Field

National Parks Traveler

Editor’s note: Yellowstone Caldera Chronicles is a weekly column written by scientists and collaborators of the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory.

LLAW’s NUCLEAR WORLD TODAY, #1033, Tuesday, (09/02/2025)

“End Nuclear Insanity Before Nuclear Insanity Ends Humanity” ~llaw

Lloyd A. Williams-Pendergraft

Sep 02, 2025

On My Mind Today:

AI control of “all things nuclear”, including nuclear war, is a frightening possibility. But so is the concept of nuclear control of “all things nuclear” by humans as well. So what are the answers to creating a sound and safe world of “all things nuclear”?

The answer is that there are none, and if we continue on with future uses and types of nuclear activity, especially including nuclear weapons of mass destruction, we face a doomsday for ourselves and most all other life on planet Earth! ~llaw

The article below is posted without the “Politico” story’s images for proprietary reasons but if you like to view the images, the entire image available at this link:

AI Can’t Start a Nuclear War — Or Can It? – POLITICO

The header image for today’s LLAW’s NUCLEAR WORLD TODAY Post is taken from a similar story by the “The New Yorker”, from a 1981 essay by the “Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists” is also available at this link:

Why Don’t We Take Nuclear Weapons Seriously? | The New Yorker

Black and white photo of mushroom cloud from an explosion going off in the distance with soldiers watching in the...
POLITICO Press - POLITICO

The War Issue

The AI Doomsday Machine Is Closer to Reality Than You Think

The Pentagon is racing to integrate AI into its weapons system to keep up with China and Russia. Where will that lead?

By Michael Hirsh09/02/2025 05:55 AM EDT

  • Michael Hirsh is the former foreign editor and chief diplomatic correspondent for Newsweek, and the former national editor for POLITICO Magazine.Jacquelyn Schneider saw a disturbing pattern, and she didn’t know what to make of it.

Last year Schneider, director of the Hoover Wargaming and Crisis Simulation Initiative at Stanford University, began experimenting with war games that gave the latest generation of artificial intelligence the role of strategic decision-makers. In the games, five off-the-shelf large language models or LLMs — OpenAI’s GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and GPT-4-Base; Anthropic’s Claude 2; and Meta’s Llama-2 Chat — were confronted with fictional crisis situations that resembled Russia’s invasion of Ukraine or China’s threat to Taiwan.

The results? Almost all of the AI models showed a preference to escalate aggressively, use firepower indiscriminately and turn crises into shooting wars — even to the point of launching nuclear weapons. “The AI is always playing Curtis LeMay,” says Schneider, referring to the notoriously nuke-happy Air Force general of the Cold War. “It’s almost like the AI understands escalation, but not de-escalation. We don’t really know why that is.”

If some of this reminds you of the nightmare scenarios featured in blockbuster sci-fi movies like “The Terminator,” “WarGames” or “Dr. Strangelove,” well, that’s because the latest AI has the potential to behave just that way someday, some experts fear. In all three movies, high-powered computers take over decisions about launching nuclear weapons from the humans who designed them. The villain in the two most recent “Mission: Impossible” films is also a malevolent AI, called the Entity, that tries to seize control of the world’s nuclear arsenals. The outcome in these movies is often apocalyptic.

The Pentagon claims that won’t happen in real life, that its existing policy is that AI will never be allowed to dominate the human “decision loop” that makes a call on whether to, say, start a war — certainly not a nuclear one.

But some AI scientists believe the Pentagon has already started down a slippery slope by rushing to deploy the latest generations of AI as a key part of America’s defenses around the world. Driven by worries about fending off China and Russia at the same time, as well as by other global threats, the Defense Department is creating AI-driven defensive systems that in many areas are swiftly becoming autonomous — meaning they can respond on their own, without human input — and move so fast against potential enemies that humans can’t keep up.

Most troubling to experts on AI and nuclear weapons is that it’s getting harder and harder to keep decisions about targeting and escalation for nuclear weapons separate from decisions about conventional weapons.

“I’ve heard combatant commanders say, ‘Hey, I want someone who can take all the results from a war game and, when I’m in a [crisis] scenario, tell me what the solution is based on what the AI interpretation is,’” says Schneider, a self-described “geriatric millennial” and mother of two who, along with many of her university colleagues, is worried about how fast the shift to AI is happening. In the heat of a crisis, under pressure to move fast, her fear is that it will be easier for those commanders to accept an AI suggestion than to challenge it.

In 2023, the Department of Defense updated its directive on weapons systems involving the use of artificial intelligence, saying that “appropriate levels of human judgment over the use of force” are required in any deployment. But critics worry the language remains too vague; the directive, called 3000.09, also includes a “waiver” if a senior Defense official decides to keep the system autonomous. The humans, in other words, can decide to take themselves out of the loop.


ABOUT THE FOLLOWING ACCESS TO “LLAW’s All Nuclear Daily Digest” RELATED MEDIA”:

There are 7 categories, including a bonus non-nuclear category for news about the Yellowstone caldera and other volcanic and caldera activity around the world that also play an important role in the survival of human and other life.

The feature categories provide articles and information about ‘all things nuclear’ for you to pick from, usually with up to 3 links with headlines concerning the most important media stories in each category, but sometimes fewer and occasionally even none (especially so with the Yellowstone Caldera). The Categories are listed below in their usual order:

  1. All Things Nuclear
  2. Nuclear Power
  3. Nuclear Power Emergencies
  4. Nuclear War Threats
  5. Nuclear War
  6. Yellowstone Caldera (Note: There is one Yellowstone Caldera bonus story available in today’s Post.)
  7. IAEA News (Friday’s only)

A current Digest of major nuclear media headlines with automated links is listed below by nuclear Category (in the above listed order). If a Category heading does not appear in the daily news Digest, it means there was no news reported from this Category today. Generally, the three best articles in each Category from around the nuclear world(s) are Posted. Occasionally, if a Post is important enough, it may be listed in multiple Categories.

TODAY’S ALL NUCLEAR WORLD’s NEWS, Tuesday, (09/02/2025)

All Things Nuclear

NEWS

The AI Doomsday Machine Is Closer to Reality Than You Think – POLITICO

Politico

In all three movies, high-powered computers take over decisions about launching nuclear weapons from the humans who designed them. The villain in the …

NASA advances lunar nuclear plan with commercial focus – SpaceNews

SpaceNews

But the AFPP says companies “that propose a wholly commercial approach to the end-to-end deployment, all other things being equal, will receive higher …

‘DANGEROUS PRECEDENT’: Expert warns Intel, private nuclear deal are going ‘too far’

YouTube

… nuclear #pipeline #gas #greenenergy #climate # … ‘VERY POWERFUL’: This is what the US naval build up near Venezuela is all a

Nuclear Power

NEWS

NASA advances lunar nuclear plan with commercial focus – SpaceNews

SpaceNews

NASA is moving ahead with plans to support development of a lunar nuclear power system with an emphasis on commercialization.

Michigan nuclear plant enters final phase of restart after being decommissioned

Pennsylvania Capital-Star

In western Michigan, a previously defunct nuclear plant has transitioned back to operating status following the Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s …

US Needs New Class Of Investor For Large-Scale Nuclear Projects, Says Report – NucNet

NucNet

Courtesy Georgia Power. If the US is to break the current logjam in building large-scale nuclear power plants, a nuclear financing model is needed …

Nuclear Power Emergencies

NEWS

PJM faces possible long-term ‘energy emergency‘: DOE | Utility Dive

Utility Dive

Under the Federal Power Act, DOE can order power plants to operate for 90 days during emergencies. … Palisades becomes first decommissioned US nuclear …

Michigan’s Palisades Nuclear Plant Reaches Final Restart Phase – Microgrid Media

Microgrid Media

Michigan keeps a strong public program for nuclear radiological emergency preparedness. The state hosts guidance and contacts for residents near …

Kenya targets 20,000MW from nuclear power by 2040 – KBC Digital

KBC Digital

… nuclear power plant in Siaya … “The nuclear project is guided by national and international laws, including emergency preparedness plans.

Nuclear War Threats

NEWS

Nuclear armageddon’: China contest on par with Cold War, minister warns – News.com.au

News.com.au

Katter given ultimatum over journo threat. The rogue Queensland MP has been told he should either apologise or resign after he doubled down on threats …

Russia-Ukraine war brings world closer to nuclear catastrophe than any recent conflict

Washington Times

IAEA Director General Rafael Grossi has been closely monitoring the situation, leading inspection delegations to assess risks. The agency maintains …

Nuclear Debate Can’t Be Dodged 80 Years After the War | JAPAN Forward

JAPAN Forward

These risks become especially acute in the event of a Taiwan contingency. A 2022 war game conducted by NBC’s Meet the Press and the Center for a New .

Nuclear War

NEWS

AI Can’t Start a Nuclear War — Or Can It? – POLITICO

Politico

“The AI is always playing Curtis LeMay,” says Schneider, referring to the notoriously nuke-happy Air Force general of the Cold War. “It’s almost like …

Why Don’t We Take Nuclear Weapons Seriously? | The New Yorker

The New Yorker

In “Preventing Nuclear War,” an essay published in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, in 1981, the Harvard law professor Roger Fisher imagines …

Iran says US missile demands block path to nuclear talks | Reuters

Reuters

A sixth round of Iran-U.S. talks was suspended after the start of a 12-day war in June, in which Israel and the U.S. struck Iranian nuclear facilities …

Yellowstone Caldera

NEWS

Are Animals Like Mountain Lions and Bears Leaving Yellowstone National Park?

NewsBreak

An articleabout the rumor posted on the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory website points out that the July 2025 social media post that seems to have set …

LLAW’s NUCLEAR WORLD TODAY, #1032, Monday, (09/01/2025)

“End Nuclear Insanity Before Nuclear Insanity Ends Humanity” ~llaw

Lloyd A. Williams-Pendergraft

Sep 01, 2025

On My Mind Today:

The arrogant reckless display of military strength — including the hints of nuclear war — are what concerns me about the way Trump and his administration are swaggering about the rest of the globe displaying our lone potential to control and/or dominate nuclear war — and at the same time shove nuclear energy down our throats. It is a pompous word game full of callous and irrational threats for now, but with this president and his amateurish administration, it could easily turn into something considerably more, far beyond even their own wildest dreams.

There is a profound statement at the end of this well-written informative article, and it will always apply to “All Things Nuclear” until the day — if it ever arrives — the world unites as one and rids itself of all things nuclear before we get around to, as I like to say, “”End Nuclear Insanity Before Nuclear Insanity Ends Humanity”. ~llaw

A general view of the Hiroshima Peace Memorial (Genbaku Dome) as people visit the Peace Memorial Park to pay tribute for the atomic bomb victims in Hiroshima, Japan, on August 05, 2023 as Japan prepares for the ceremony in Peace Memorial Park to commemorate the 78th anniversary of the atomic bomb tragedy in Hiroshima. [David Mareuil - Anadolu Agency]

See the “Memo” article below for the image description and the photo credits ~llaw

Ardi Associates

Creating new perspectives since 2009

Hiroshima II: How America’s aggressive policies are driving the world toward another nuclear catastrophe

September 1, 2025 at 2:02 pm

A general view of the Hiroshima Peace Memorial (Genbaku Dome) as people visit the Peace Memorial Park to pay tribute for the atomic bomb victims in Hiroshima, Japan, on August 05, 2023 as Japan prepares for the ceremony in Peace Memorial Park to commemorate the 78th anniversary of the atomic bomb tragedy in Hiroshima. [David Mareuil - Anadolu Agency]

A general view of the Hiroshima Peace Memorial (Genbaku Dome) as people visit the Peace Memorial Park to pay tribute for the atomic bomb victims in Hiroshima, Japan, on August 05, 2023 as Japan prepares for the ceremony in Peace Memorial Park to commemorate the 78th anniversary of the atomic bomb tragedy in Hiroshima. [David Mareuil – Anadolu Agency]

  • by Greg PenceEighty years ago, on August 6 1945, the sky over Hiroshima lit up with the cataclysmic explosion of the atomic bomb Little Boy; a light that was not a sunrise of hope, but a shadow of death and destruction, reducing over 140,000 people to ashes in an instant. This tragedy became a lasting symbol of nuclear horror, a permanent warning to humanity: the power of nuclear weapons can obliterate civilisation entirely.

Now, on the anniversary of that catastrophe, the United States, through attacks on Iran’s nuclear facilities and escalating confrontations with Russia, is steering the world toward the precipice of a “Hiroshima II.” These actions, which threaten the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and raise the risk of nuclear war to unprecedented levels, endanger global peace and reveal a dangerous shift in Washington’s foreign policy; one that could imperil the very future of humanity.

Attack on Iran: A blow to diplomacy and a spark for nuclear proliferation

On June 22, 2025, the skies over Iran thundered with Tomahawk missiles and stealth B-2 bombers targeting the Fordow, Natanz, and Isfahan nuclear facilities in an operation dubbed “Midnight Hammer.” Occurring amid the short-lived Iran-Israel conflict from 13 to 24 June 2025, this strike was described by US President Donald Trump as a “decisive victory” to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons. Yet reports tell a different story: the attack only delayed Iran’s nuclear program by a few months, as the country had already secured enriched uranium in safe locations.

The roots of this aggression trace back to the controversial US withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal (JCPOA) in 2018. Subsequent reports by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in 2025 indicated that Iran had enriched uranium to 60 per cent, still below the 90 percent threshold needed for weapons-grade material. Pressure from Israel, especially information presented by Benjamin Netanyahu in February 2025, pushed Washington toward this military strike. But this first direct military assault on another nation’s nuclear program since World War II had profound consequences: Iran suspended cooperation with the IAEA and announced it would no longer adhere to NPT restrictions.

The US attack on Iran’s nuclear facilities didn’t just torch years of diplomatic efforts; it’s pushed the world to the edge of a nuclear abyss. Since 1968, the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) has stood on three shaky legs: stopping the spread of nukes, disarming those who have them, and ensuring nuclear energy stays peaceful. Now, Washington’s unilateral move threatens to kick those legs out from under it. Rafael Grossi, head of the IAEA, didn’t mince words: the strike could “bring the entire non-proliferation system crashing down.” Iran, now more determined than ever, might follow North Korea’s playbook, chasing nuclear weapons with renewed vigor. That could set off a domino effect, with Saudi Arabia, Turkey, or even Egypt eyeing their own nuclear arsenals to keep the regional balance from tipping.

The second strike: Why Iran’s preemptive response may come sooner than expected

From the collapse of nuclear order to human catastrophe

The fallout from America’s strike stretches far beyond the Middle East. By undermining the NPT, it’s fanned the flames of global nuclear ambition. Allies like South Korea, Japan, and Poland, long sheltered under the US nuclear umbrella, might start questioning their reliance on Washington and consider going their own way. In the Gulf, Saudi Arabia and the UAE could hit the gas on their own nuclear programs, risking a full-blown arms race across the region.

At the 2025 Hiroshima memorial, Mayor Kazumi Matsui sounded the alarm, warning that “nuclear weapons are becoming normalized” amid crises in Ukraine and the Middle East. The Hiroshima Survivors’ Association, known as Nihon Hidankyo and honored with a Nobel Peace Prize, slammed the US for ignoring the scars of Hiroshima’s past. Pope Leo XIV and UN chief António Guterres issued a rare joint plea, urging a return to diplomacy and warning that nukes are once again tools of intimidation, not deterrence.

The stakes couldn’t be higher. The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) reports that 2025 has ushered in a new arms race, with defense budgets ballooning and nuclear stockpiles getting modern makeovers. In this tinderbox, one misstep, whether a rash decision or a simple miscalculation, could spark a disaster that wipes out millions and leaves the planet’s ecosystems in ruins for centuries.

The urgent need for multilateral diplomacy

History proves that nuclear stability hinges on global cooperation, not cowboy bravado. Treaties like the NPT and the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START) only worked when big players respected each other’s red lines. The US strike on Iran, coupled with escalating tensions with Russia, spits in the face of that principle, shoving the world toward chaos. The only way out is to swap bombs for talks. Urgent negotiations, pulling in Iran, Russia, China, Europe, and others, are the last hope for shoring up the non-proliferation system and cooling global tempers.

Eighty years after Hiroshima, the world faces a gut-check moment. The US, which unleashed the first nuclear horror, is now steering humanity toward another with its reckless policies. Hiroshima taught us that nuclear weapons don’t bring security or triumph, only devastation. If this path continues, the next Hiroshima won’t be one city but the entire globe, with no one left to bear witness.

The views expressed in this article belong to the author and do not necessarily reflect the editorial policy of Middle East Monitor.


ABOUT THE FOLLOWING ACCESS TO “LLAW’s All Nuclear Daily Digest” RELATED MEDIA”:

There are 7 categories, including a bonus non-nuclear category for news about the Yellowstone caldera and other volcanic and caldera activity around the world that also play an important role in the survival of human and other life.

The feature categories provide articles and information about ‘all things nuclear’ for you to pick from, usually with up to 3 links with headlines concerning the most important media stories in each category, but sometimes fewer and occasionally even none (especially so with the Yellowstone Caldera). The Categories are listed below in their usual order:

  1. All Things Nuclear
  2. Nuclear Power
  3. Nuclear Power Emergencies
  4. Nuclear War Threats
  5. Nuclear War
  6. Yellowstone Caldera (Note: There are two Yellowstone Caldera bonus stories available in today’s Post.)
  7. IAEA News (Friday’s only)

A current Digest of major nuclear media headlines with automated links is listed below by nuclear Category (in the above listed order). If a Category heading does not appear in the daily news Digest, it means there was no news reported from this Category today. Generally, the three best articles in each Category from around the nuclear world(s) are Posted. Occasionally, if a Post is important enough, it may be listed in multiple Categories.

TODAY’S ALL NUCLEAR WORLD’s NEWS, Monday, (09/01/2025)

All Things Nuclear

NEWS

Fed independence: this ‘nuclear‘ scenario would signal ‘things are truly going off the rails’

Fortune

While the reserve banks’ boards choose their presidents, the Fed board in Washington can vote to reject them. All 12 presidents will need to be …

RIAA warns one-size-fits-all ESG rules could destabilise super funds – Investor Daily

Investor Daily

A principles-based approach for sustainable product labelling is a very sensible way of doing things. … nuclear weapons firms. “It’s about …

Charles Schwab Investment Management Inc. Buys 48,424 Shares of Nano Nuclear Energy …

MarketBeat

… Nuclear Energy, with BNP Paribas growing its holdings by an … 5 Things Every Trader Should Know About Market Data Feeds. Business. 5 …

Nuclear Power

NEWS

Record-breaking year for nuclear electricity generation – World Nuclear News

World Nuclear News

Nuclear reactors worldwide generated 2667 TWh of electricity in 2024, beating the previous record of 2660 TWh which was set back in 2006, …

The World Nuclear Performance Report 2025

World Nuclear Association

Argentina has two nuclear power plants: Atucha and Embalse. … Armenia has one nuclear power plant at Metsamor. … Two VVER-1200 units are under …

DOE Seeks U.S. Companies For New Nuclear Fuel Supply Chain Consortium – Forbes

Forbes

Engineer inspecting a turbine in a nuclear power station. getty. The U.S. Department of Energy is seeking U.S. companies in the nuclear fuel cycle and …

Nuclear Power Emergencies

NEWS

Palisades nuclear power plant returns to operational status

Foro Nuclear

The plant’s Emergency Plan is fully active, supported by a trained Emergency Response Organization that recently completed a FEMA- and NRC-graded …

Nuclear War Threats

NEWS

Kremlin deploys nuclear threats and war nostalgia to spook Western capitals into silence

Euromaidan Press

Russia is now aggressively pushing three narrative lines at once: blaming European states for prolonging the war, reviving nuclear threats, and …

Russian-led CSTO starts drills in Belarus with nuclear planning practice

The Kyiv Independent

Moscow has repeatedly issued nuclear threats against Ukraine and its allies throughout the full-scale war. Muraveiko said the drills would focus …

Hiroshima II: How America’s aggressive policies are driving the world toward another …

Middle East Monitor

These actions, which threaten the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and raise the risk of nuclear war to unprecedented levels, endanger …

Nuclear War

NEWS

Iran’s currency hits new low as ‘snapback’ looms over nuclear programme – Al Jazeera

Al Jazeera

… war with Israel and the United States. The US dollar hit a price of more than 1.06 million rials in Tehran’s open currency market on Monday …

Turkey’s Erdogan tells Iran’s Pazeshkian that continuing nuclear talks useful – Reuters

Reuters

… nuclear negotiations and that Ankara would maintain its support for … Israel and Hamas at War · Japan · Middle East · Ukraine and Russia at War …

Putin sends mothballed Soviet-era nuclear battlewagon back to sea. Poor little Vladimir

The Telegraph

Sadly for Putin, all this ignores the fact that surface warships are not the big dogs of sea warfare any more. An American (or soon, Chinese) …

Yellowstone Caldera

NEWS

Modernizing geologic mapping in Yellowstone: The role of geodatabases in the field

USGS.gov

About 631,000 years ago, a massive eruption formed what today is known as Yellowstone Caldera. New deposits, discovered within the caldera, are…

Don Day’s Wyoming Weather Forecast: Monday, September 1, 2025 | Cowboy State Daily

Cowboy State Daily

Mt. Moran reminder us the Yellowstone Supervolcano Caldera …

LLAW’s NUCLEAR WORLD TODAY, #1031, Sunday, (08/31/2025)

“End Nuclear Insanity Before Nuclear Insanity Ends Humanity” ~llaw

Lloyd A. Williams-Pendergraft

Aug 31, 2025

Why don't Popes ever win the Nobel Peace Prize? | Crux

On My Mind Today:

Only on a Sunday on my little sister’s birthday would I post such a laughable piece of presidential self-glorification bent on trying to — by making stuff up — cover his miserable lie that he could end the Russia/Ukraine war in 24 hours. And his bare-faced lies simply continue on, seemingly ad infinitum . . .

This man who somehow became our 47th President just never stops his self-aggrandizement and the outright lies that go with it. And he believes he deserves the Nobel Peace Prize?

And yet there are actually grown-up adult citizens in this country who believe every word that he so grandly spits out every day — not only on the subject of world peace, but on everything else he tries, in vain, to deal with — some of which was absolutely treacherous, illegal, and perhaps even treasonous. ~llaw

Trump’s lesser-known conflicts

NPR

By Franco Ordoñez

Published August 29, 2025 at 3:05 PM PDT

Listen • 4:20

JUANA SUMMERS, HOST:

As he struggles to end war in Ukraine, President Trump has turned to boasting of reaching an ever-increasing number of peace agreements and ceasefires in other parts of the world.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP: We’ve stopped seven wars. And really the number is actually 10.

SUMMERS: But NPR White House correspondent Franco Ordoñez says the reality of those peace agreements is not so black and white.

FRANCO ORDOÑEZ, BYLINE: During the campaign, then-candidate Donald Trump would say in interview after interview that he would end the war in Ukraine in 24 hours. Here he is on Fox News back in 2023.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

TRUMP: And there’s a very easy negotiation to take place. But I don’t want to tell you what it is because then I can’t use that negotiation. It’ll never work.

ORDOÑEZ: But whatever he tried, it didn’t work, as President Trump ran into the harsh realities of governing and diplomacy. Trump’s, of course, not one to focus on his struggles, so a few months into his administration, Trump turned to touting his efforts to end other conflicts.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

TRUMP: On Saturday, my administration helped broker a full and immediate ceasefire – I think a permanent one – between India and Pakistan, ending a dangerous conflict of two nations with lots of nuclear weapons.

ORDOÑEZ: Lisa Curtis, a point person on South and Central Asia during the first Trump administration, says Trump deserves credit for the ceasefire between India and Pakistan.

LISA CURTIS: This was absolutely critical. Anytime you have two nuclear-armed countries in conflict, there is tremendous concern that it would escalate to the point of a nuclear exchange.

ORDOÑEZ: And while India contradicted the U.S. version of events, Curtis sees the May agreement as a turning point for Trump in how he looks at applying U S. influence around the world.

CURTIS: I think when he saw, well, actually, the U.S. can play an influential role, and, you know, I can get credit for, you know, trying to stop some of these conflicts, I think, you know, a light bulb went off.

ORDOÑEZ: It was the start of an evolution, as Curtis put it, that surprised a lot of people in diplomatic circles.

MICHAEL O’HANLON: I love that President Trump wants to evaluate himself and have others do so by this particular metric.

ORDOÑEZ: Michael O’Hanlon, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution, notes that most people associate Trump’s America First policies with isolationism and kind of an indifference to other countries’ challenges. And yet, while he credits Trump with having a positive influence on several of these conflicts, O’Hanlon says the administration is largely exaggerating its role.

O’HANLON: All these different conflicts that he’s taking credit for – some of them are not even over. Others of them, you know, are very brittle in whatever peace may be taking shape. And still others, he had very modest roles in influencing, if any.

ORDOÑEZ: Trump and his team have cited his work around the world when advocating for the Nobel Peace Prize. Trump’s chief envoy, Steve Witkoff, this week called Trump’s efforts game-changing.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

STEVE WITKOFF: There’s only one thing I wish for – that that Nobel committee finally gets its act together and realizes that you are the single finest candidate.

ORDOÑEZ: Experts say Trump deserves credit for reducing tensions between Thailand and Cambodia, as well as Armenia and Azerbaijan. But fighting continues in the Democratic Republic of Congo, even after a peace agreement between the DRC and Rwanda, which Trump hailed as a, quote, “glorious triumph for the cause of peace.”

MICHELLE GAVIN: You know, peace has not broken out.

ORDOÑEZ: That’s Michelle Gavin, a former U.S. ambassador to Botswana during the Obama administration. Sometimes it helps to announce agreements that can be used to apply pressure on the parties involved. But she says this feels like the Trump administration is prioritizing the announcement of a peace deal before peace actually arrives.

GAVIN: I’m very glad that this administration is not ignoring the crisis in Central Africa, but it just seems like a real race to declare mission accomplished before the hard work has been done.

ORDOÑEZ: And she wonders whether this administration has the appetite for the dogged diplomacy that she says is required to make sure these announcements are fulfilled.

Franco Ordoñez, NPR News, the White House.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC) Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.

NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by an NPR contractor. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record.

Politics

Franco Ordoñez

Franco Ordoñez is a White House Correspondent for NPR’s Washington Desk. Before he came to NPR in 2019, Ordoñez covered the White House for McClatchy. He has also written about diplomatic affairs, foreign policy and immigration, and has been a correspondent in Cuba, Colombia, Mexico and Haiti.


ABOUT THE FOLLOWING ACCESS TO “LLAW’s All Nuclear Daily Digest” RELATED MEDIA”:

There are 7 categories, including a bonus non-nuclear category for news about the Yellowstone caldera and other volcanic and caldera activity around the world that also play an important role in the survival of human and other life.

The feature categories provide articles and information about ‘all things nuclear’ for you to pick from, usually with up to 3 links with headlines concerning the most important media stories in each category, but sometimes fewer and occasionally even none (especially so with the Yellowstone Caldera). The Categories are listed below in their usual order:

  1. All Things Nuclear
  2. Nuclear Power
  3. Nuclear Power Emergencies
  4. Nuclear War Threats
  5. Nuclear War
  6. Yellowstone Caldera (Note: There are no Yellowstone Caldera bonus stories available in today’s Post.)
  7. IAEA News (Friday’s only) (NOTE: It’s back!)

A current Digest of major nuclear media headlines with automated links is listed below by nuclear Category (in the above listed order). If a Category heading does not appear in the daily news Digest, it means there was no news reported from this Category today. Generally, the three best articles in each Category from around the nuclear world(s) are Posted. Occasionally, if a Post is important enough, it may be listed in multiple Categories.

TODAY’S ALL NUCLEAR WORLD’s NEWS, Sunday, (08/31/2025)

All Things Nuclear

NEWS

Trump’s lesser-known conflicts – Nevada Public Radio

Nevada Public Radio

All Things Considered. Next Up: 6:00 PM The Middle. 0:00. 0:00. All Things … nuclear weapons. ORDOÑEZ: Lisa Curtis, a point person on South and …

Power play: why NASA is betting on nuclear to outpace rivals on the Moon

Yahoo News Canada

The odd nature of 3I/ATLAS led astrophysicist Avi Loeb to apply a thought experiment to it, highlighting everything that might align with an alien …

It’s One of the Worst Things Nixon Did. Trump Is Copying It. – Yahoo

Yahoo

Senate Majority Whip John Barrasso, R-Wyo., threatened to use the nuclear … All About the Special Edition Toy (and Where to Find One). Ty Inc. first …

Nuclear Power

NEWS

US to soon build nuclear reactor on Moon as space race ramps up | news.com.au

News.com.au

‘If you lead in space, you lead on Earth’: Space race heats up as US fast tracks plans for nuclear reactor on Moon. The space race is ramping up, with …

Three Mile Island Set to Deliver Nuclear Power a Year Early – The Business Download |

The Business Download |

Constellation Energy Corp. says the Three Mile Island nuclear plant in Pennsylvania will begin producing power earlier than forecast.

Power play: why NASA is betting on nuclear to outpace rivals on the Moon – RFI

RFI

The United States is racing to build nuclear power reactors for the Moon, with the first system planned for the end of the decade.

Nuclear War Threats

NEWS

Opinion | Multipolar arms race takes ballistic missile threat to new levels

South China Morning Post

… threat of nuclear war. Advertisement. As we mark 80 years since the … threats – the Soviets increasingly realised their nuclear deterrent could be …

Iran ready to counter any threat at all levels – Mehr News Agency

Mehr News Agency

… war, it proved ready to face threats at any level. He stressed that all … The United States also entered the war by bombing three Iranian nuclear …

‘People will suffer anyway’: snapback sharpens fault lines in Iran

iranintl.com

… war, regime change, and nuclear weapons … Many dismissed renewed UN sanctions as empty threats. “The uproar over …

Nuclear War

NEWS

Iran takes pause in wake of E-3 sanctions | The Jerusalem Post

The Jerusalem Post

Iran had vowed to retaliate by pulling itself out of the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty (NPT). … REMAINS OF a …

Warning as Iran on the brink of chilling new era of war: ‘Must be avoided at all cost’

Daily Express US

Additionally, Israel’s targeted attacks launched with the US in June on Iranian nuclear sites “set back the regime,” but “it has not eliminated the …

How nuclear bomb fears led Oklahomans to begin building fallout shelters

The Oklahoman

It sounds ominous, but in the 1950s and ’60s, the discussion of fallout shelters due to nuclear war fears was somewhat commonplace. In November …

LLAW’s NUCLEAR WORLD TODAY, #1030, Saturday, (08/30/2025)

“End Nuclear Insanity Before Nuclear Insanity Ends Humanity” ~llaw

Lloyd A. Williams-Pendergraft

Aug 30, 2025

A close-up shot of an offshore wind turbine.

(See story posted below for image description and picture credits ~llaw)

On My Mind Today:

What Trump is doing is wrong — seriously wrong! He is forcing nuclear energy down our proverbial throats at the same time he is hindering and even prohibiting renewable clean air projects and operations like wind, solar, hydro, and geo-thermal that are able to provide substantial electricity all the while he is favoring promoting fossil fuels like coal, oil, and uranium.

Somehow, in some way, this approach to energy production must be stopped and totally reversed, even if postponing huge electrical projects like Artificial Intelligence and other high tech commercial projects are delayed indefinitely, or even forever — and, on the other hand, perhaps inspire corporate offices and individual homes to voluntarily reduce electricity usage instead of taking it for granted.

As a small ‘for instance’, I refuse to give in to air conditioning in my home, facing a few weeks each year of uncomfortable heat in deference to saving electricity — and money. ~llaw

Canary Media | Covering the clean energy transition

The incoherence of Trump’s ​‘energy emergency’

The White House wants more affordable electricity, but is delaying Revolution Wind and other clean energy projects that can meet rising demand.

By Kathryn Krawczyk

29 August 2025

A close-up shot of an offshore wind turbine.

Critics have dismissed the emergency as a fabrication. Attorneys general from 15 states are challenging it in court. And Trump, whose policies are slowing the construction of cheap, clean energy, is not exactly acting like there’s an emergency at hand.

Take the Revolution Wind project as the latest example. Last Friday, the Trump administration ordered developer Ørsted to stop all construction on the huge, nearly complete project, citing unspecified ​“national security” reasons. It’s the second time the government has issued such an order to an offshore wind project that would’ve brought clean power to the Northeast.

The stoppage poses a real threat to the grid in New England, which is home to some of the highest power prices in the nation.

Revolution Wind was supposed to start delivering power next year — very soon in grid-planning terms. ISO-New England, the region’s grid operator, said Monday that it is banking on the wind farm to help meet demand and maintain power reserves. Further delays will continue the region’s reliance on natural gas, which ISO-New England has warned is in short supply and which is subject to price volatility.

Blocking major energy projects from coming online is not exactly consistent with declaring an energy emergency.

And yet, the Revolution Wind pause is just one example of how the administration is stymieing clean energy deployment. In recent months, it has rolled back federal subsidies and grants and implemented new federal leasing rules under which renewables are doomed to fail. Because of these policies, the country is expected to build less than half as much clean energy over the next decade — an outcome experts widely agree will raise power prices.

In fact, the only place the administration has acted as if its emergency is real is when it comes to preserving fossil-fuel power plants on the brink of closure.

The U.S. Department of Energy recently extended its emergency order barring a Michigan coal plant from retiring — a decision that cost the plant’s owner $29 million in its first five weeks. And on Thursday, the DOE extended another order keeping a Pennsylvania gas- and oil-fired peaker plant online. Regional grid operators had previously deemed both plants safe to close.

The moves reveal the incoherence at the heart of Trump’s energy policy, which exploits a questionable emergency to prop up expensive and unnecessary fossil-fueled power plants on the one hand — and blocks the fastest-growing and lowest-cost form of energy on the other.

More big energy stories

Clean energy is getting its own day of action

If you’ve read even one edition of this newsletter since Trump took office, you’ll know that clean energy is facing a crisis in the U.S. Sun Day aims to elevate that message and boost the transition from fossil fuels with a nationwide day of action coming up on Sept. 21, Canary Media’s Alison F. Takemura reports.

  • Note: This article is also available on “Yahoo News” (The link is provided below( The administration and nuclear advocates say the power source can help meet growing electricity demand, though the U.S.’s most recent attempt to …
  • The incoherence of Trump’s ‘energy emergency‘ – Yahoo

There are 7 categories, including a bonus non-nuclear category for news about the Yellowstone caldera and other volcanic and caldera activity around the world that also play an important role in the survival of human and other life.

The feature categories provide articles and information about ‘all things nuclear’ for you to pick from, usually with up to 3 links with headlines concerning the most important media stories in each category, but sometimes fewer and occasionally even none (especially so with the Yellowstone Caldera). The Categories are listed below in their usual order:

  1. All Things Nuclear
  2. Nuclear Power
  3. Nuclear Power Emergencies
  4. Nuclear War Threats
  5. Nuclear War
  6. Yellowstone Caldera (Note: There are no Yellowstone Caldera bonus stories available in today’s Post.)
  7. IAEA News (Friday’s only) (NOTE: It’s back!)

A current Digest of major nuclear media headlines with automated links is listed below by nuclear Category (in the above listed order). If a Category heading does not appear in the daily news Digest, it means there was no news reported from this Category today. Generally, the three best articles in each Category from around the nuclear world(s) are Posted. Occasionally, if a Post is important enough, it may be listed in multiple Categories.

TODAY’S ALL NUCLEAR WORLD’s NEWS, Saturday, (08/30/2025)

All Things Nuclear

NEWS

Trump’s lesser-known conflicts | Hawai’i Public Radio

Hawaii Public Radio

… nuclear weapons. ORDOÑEZ: Lisa Curtis, a point person on South and … HPR All Things Considered host Dave Lawrence welcomes Al Di Meola back …

Trump’s lesser-known conflicts | WEMU-FM

WEMU

All Things Considered · 89.1 Jazz with Michael Jewett · Schedule · Playlists … nuclear weapons. ORDOÑEZ: Lisa Curtis, a point person on South and …

‘Snap-Back’ Sanctions on Iran / Trump’s Next Ukraine Move – YouTube

YouTube

The pressure on Iran is rising again, as U.S. allies in Europe trigger “snap-back” sanctions, citing Tehran’s uranium stockpiles and nuclear …

Nuclear Power

NEWS

The White House wants government stakes in more companies. The nuclear energy industry …

Yahoo Finance

Nuclear energy could be the next industry the Trump administration targets for equity stakes.

Trump wants to stop nuclear proliferation. STRATCOM could play a major role.

Breaking Defense

Two days later, Secretary of State Rubio met with International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Director General Rafael Mariano Grossi and recommitted the …

Energy Department Announces Over $35 Million to Advance Emerging Energy Technologies

Department of Energy

… energy technologies related to grid security, artificial intelligence, nuclear energy, and advanced manufacturing from DOE National Laboratories …

Nuclear Power Emergencies

NEWS

The incoherence of Trump’s ‘energy emergency‘ | Canary Media

Canary Media

The administration and nuclear advocates say the power source can help meet growing electricity demand, though the U.S.’s most recent attempt to …

The incoherence of Trump’s ‘energy emergency‘ – Yahoo

Yahoo

The designation just means it can start receiving fuel again — it’s not yet generating electricity. The Trump administration is pushing for a “nuclear …

Prepare – City of Charlotte

City of Charlotte

This will help you get ready for any emergency. Tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, nuclear power plant emergencies, cyber threats, and acts of …

Nuclear War Threats

NEWS

Russia ‘ATTACKS’ U.S. For Threatening Maduro With Nuclear Warships – Times of India

Times of India

Russia has denounced U.S. President Donald Trump’s threats against … War · War Brewing In U.S. Backyard? Maduro Deploys Warships, Drones …

Tehran threatens snapback retaliation, raises fears of war with Israel – Long War Journal

Long War Journal

… threats of retaliation. While some voices have acknowledged that snapback could pave the way for war, others are downplaying its impact in an …

Israeli Report: Iran is No Longer a Threshold Nuclear State – Sada News Agency

وكالة صدى نيوز

… war would be very problematic, claiming that “it is expected that the threat posed by Iran to Israel will intensify,” and that the timing of the …

Nuclear War

NEWS

US Sends Nuclear Submarine USS Newport News Toward Venezuela | Pulse – YouTube

YouTube

4:13 · Go to channel · ‘Nuclear War‘ In US Backyard: Maduro Unleashes These Heroes On Trump’s 4,000+ Troops & Warships… Times Of India New 15K views.

Iran Speaks Out on Nuclear Sanctions and Trump – Newsweek

Newsweek

Since President Donald Trump withdrew the U.S. in 2018, the deal has unraveled amid Iranian challenges. Tensions surged in June during the 12-day war …

Iran ready to resume ‘fair’ nuclear talks if West shows goodwill, foreign minister says | Reuters

Reuters

Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian said on Friday that Iran does not seek war but if Israel and the United States attacked, Iran will stand against …

LLAW’s NUCLEAR WORLD DIGEST TODAY, #1029, Friday, (08/29/2025)

“End Nuclear Insanity Before Nuclear Insanity Ends Humanity” ~llaw

Lloyd A. Williams-Pendergraft

Aug 29, 2025

Since a wave of public support, multiple states have either rolled back regulations and promised future investment into nuclear. Most notably, President Trump rolled back regulations promoting future construction on plants for the first time in decades.

(See the “Marketplace” article below for image description and photo credits – llaw)

On My Mind Today:

In vogue? Nuclear Power? How can that be? Apparently, humanity has gone entirely bonkers at a time when ‘all things nuclear’ are a major threat to the continued existence of most all human and other life on planet Earth?

We all should know, too, by now that nuclear power plants are already a serious part of what is known as “conventional” war (e.g. Russia/Ukraine) and that a single attack with a single nuclear bomb from a single nuclear-armed country on a single enemy with a single power-crazed dictator could automatically start WWIII, the likes of it absolutely ending almost all life on our wonderful life-providing planet Earth.

If it is true that more than 50% — 56% according to the article — of the American population support, and at the same time as well, allow a mentally-challenged American President to “roll back” nuclear power regulations to encourage more commercial nuclear power, there is obviously something wrong with our thinking — that is, if we actually bother to think at all . . . ~llaw


File:Marketplace Logo.png - Wikimedia Commons

Daily business news and economic stories

Forward 15 seconds

00:00

08:07

Aug 28, 2025

Nuclear energy is in vogue

Over the past five years, nuclear power has experienced a renaissance in public and political support. The formerly controversial energy source has seen cultural moments on TikTok, ESPN College Gameday, and even in the White House.

Climateby Amy Scott and Nicholas Guiang

Listen NowSaveShareDownload

Since a wave of public support, multiple states have either rolled back regulations and promised future investment into nuclear. Most notably, President Trump rolled back regulations promoting future construction on plants for the first time in decades.
Since a wave of public support, multiple states have either rolled back regulations and promised future investment into nuclear. Most notably, President Trump rolled back regulations promoting future construction on plants for the first time in decades.

Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images

Since catastrophic incidents like three-mile island (1979), Chernobyl (1986), and more recently Fukushima (2011), nuclear power has long been fighting an uphill cultural and political battle. Worries surrounding safety and expenses have kept nuclear progress at bay, until now.

For the past five years, nuclear power has been in a renaissance as public support for the energy has grown. As of 2024, 56% of Americans support the use of nuclear power, which is up almost 10% from 2016.

“Things like three-mile island are starting to feel like they are pretty far in the distance,” said Jennifer Hiller, who wrote about nuclear power’s current cultural moment for the Wall Street Journal. “The industry has had a pretty good safety record in the U.S. since then.”

Audio not available with this Post: Go to the link for this “Marketplace” story in TODAY’S ALL NUCLEAR WORLD’s NEWS just below . . .

Marketplace Host Amy Scott spoke to Hiller about why nuclear power is growing in popularity and how policy changes are allowing for progress.

Not available with this Post: To hear the full conversation, click the audio player above.


ABOUT THE FOLLOWING ACCESS TO “LLAW’s All Nuclear Daily Digest” RELATED MEDIA”:

There are 7 categories, including a bonus non-nuclear category for news about the Yellowstone caldera and other volcanic and caldera activity around the world that also play an important role in the survival of human and other life.

The feature categories provide articles and information about ‘all things nuclear’ for you to pick from, usually with up to 3 links with headlines concerning the most important media stories in each category, but sometimes fewer and occasionally even none (especially so with the Yellowstone Caldera). The Categories are listed below in their usual order:

  1. All Things Nuclear
  2. Nuclear Power
  3. Nuclear Power Emergencies
  4. Nuclear War Threats
  5. Nuclear War
  6. Yellowstone Caldera (Note: There are no Yellowstone Caldera bonus stories available in today’s Post.)
  7. IAEA News (Friday’s only) (NOTE: It’s back!)

A current Digest of major nuclear media headlines with automated links is listed below by nuclear Category (in the above listed order). If a Category heading does not appear in the daily news Digest, it means there was no news reported from this Category today. Generally, the three best articles in each Category from around the nuclear world(s) are Posted. Occasionally, if a Post is important enough, it may be listed in multiple Categories.

TODAY’S ALL NUCLEAR WORLD’s NEWS, Friday, (08/29/2025)

All Things Nuclear

NEWS

Nuclear energy is in vogue – Marketplace.org

Marketplace.org

As of 2024, 56% of Americans support the use of nuclear power, which is up almost 10% from 2016. “Things like three-mile island are starting to …

What You Need to Know About Iran Sanctions Snap Back at the UN: A Q&A with Kelsey Davenport

Just Security

KD: Snapback is a unique mechanism that allows any participant in the nuclear deal that is also a member state (that isall but the EU) to reimpose …

Oklahoma Corporation Commission takes first step toward nuclear energy study – KGOU

KGOU

All Things Considered. Next Up: 7:00 PM National Native News. 0:00. 0:00 … This summer, the Trump administration issued four executive orders intended …

Nuclear Power

NEWS

U.S. Government Is Taking Historic Steps To Restart Nuclear Plants – Forbes

Forbes

The Nuclear Regulatory Commission is may allow a Michigan nuclear plant to restart after approving in July its first such plant resumption with …

Nuclear energy is in vogue – Marketplace.org

Marketplace.org

Over the past five years, nuclear power has experienced a renaissance in public and political support. The formerly controversial energy source …

America’s first modular nuclear reactor begins construction near Idaho lab

Interesting Engineering

The groundbreaking comes just two weeks after the Department of Energy (DOE) selected Aalo to participate in President Trump’s Nuclear Reactor Pilot …

Nuclear Power Emergencies

NEWS

Federal Grid Interventions Enter a Second Phase as DOE Extends Emergency Orders

POWER Magazine

… Nuclear Companies. Power Magazine. News & Technology for the Global Energy Industry. POWER is at the forefront of the global power market, providing …

Iran’s parl. launches emergency plan to exit NPT – Mehr News Agency

Mehr News Agency

TEHRAN, Aug. 28 (MNA) – A senior Iranian lawmaker says that the parliament has launched an emergency … Atomic Energy Agency will end.” MNA/TSN3387279.

Iran’s parl. launches emergency plan to exit NPT :: nournews

nournews.ir

… Atomic Energy Agency will end.” MNA. Key Words. UNNPTemergency plan. Share News. https://nourNews.ir/n/241934. Comments. first name & last name. email …

Nuclear War Threats

NEWS

Putin’s nuclear threats now irrelevant – YouTube

YouTube

” It’s not Putin’s nuclear weapons stopping Europe from getting more involved in the war … Putin’s nuclear threats now irrelevant. 12K views · 6 hours …

U.K., France and Germany initiate ‘snapback’ sanctions on Iran over status of nuclear program

CTV News

… nuclear watchdog agency. In the past, Iran has threatened to withdraw from the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, potentially following North Korea …

Mutual Assured Destruction Doesn’t Deter Escalate to Win | RealClearDefense

RealClearDefense

What then of the multiple nuclear threats by Russia over Ukraine? Such threats are often dismissed as mere bluff. Many may find this idea …

Nuclear War

NEWS

How triggering snapback sanctions may deepen Iran nuclear crisis – Al Jazeera

Al Jazeera

Europe’s move to re-impose UN sanctions against Iran will make nuclear diplomacy more difficult, experts say … war loom over the Middle East. On …

European Nations Move to Restart Sanctions on Iran Over Nuclear Program

The New York Times

Britain, France and Germany said the country had violated the terms of a 2015 nuclear deal. Iran’s foreign minister called their action “ … The War in …

Iran Nuclear Deadline: New Warning Issued – Newsweek

Newsweek

… nuclear program. Despite Tehran’s decision to let inspectors back in for the first time since the 12-day Iran-Israel war in June, the …

IAEA Weekly News

29 August 2025

Read the top news and updates published on IAEA.org this week.

https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail_165x110/public/iaeaflag11140x640.jpg?itok=L8JFAU_6

28 August 2025

Update 311 – IAEA Director General Statement on Situation in Ukraine

The IAEA has received further details about the dam constructed to secure cooling water for the systems needed to maintain the reactor units at Ukraine’s ZNPP in cold shutdown. Read more →

https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail_165x110/public/nagcsideeventssubsite.jpg?itok=lb1hkYgh

28 August 2025

Nuclear Sciences and Applications Side Events at the 69th IAEA General Conference

Read more →

https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail_165x110/public/bangladeshflag.jpg?itok=zm-qBnsC

27 August 2025

IAEA Observes Commitment to Operational Safety at Bangladesh’s First Nuclear Power Plant

An IAEA team of experts said that the operator of the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant in Bangladesh is committed to further enhance its operational safety performance. Read more →

https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail_165x110/public/539965926852995e83147o.jpg?itok=_4kDfp1D

26 August 2025

Technical Cooperation Side Events at the 69th IAEA General Conference

Each year in September, the IAEA welcomes thousands of national representatives and technical experts to its General Conference to jointly consider, and to provide input to, the Agency’s ongoing work, budget and priorities. Read more →

https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail_165x110/public/ticad42025.jpg?itok=fI_0rDYY

26 August 2025

Tokyo International Conference on African Development: Ministers Highlight IAEA Impact

At the Tokyo International Conference on African Development, ministers highlighted the impact of the IAEA’s Rays of Hope and Atoms4Food initiatives. Read more →

https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail_165x110/public/mex2.jpg?itok=u98rx8jq

26 August 2025

IAEA Hosts First Spanish-Language Advanced Training Course on Nuclear Law

The IAEA, in collaboration with Mexico’s Ministry of Energy, conducted its Advanced Training Course on Nuclear Law in Spanish for the first time. Held in Mexico City last month, the course brought together 33 participants from 15 countries across Latin America and the Caribbean. Read more →

LLAW’s NUCLEAR WORLD DIGEST TODAY, #1028, Thursday, (08/28/2025)

“End Nuclear Insanity Before Nuclear Insanity Ends Humanity” ~llaw

Lloyd A. Williams-Pendergraft

Aug 28, 2025

On My Mind Today: (Feeling much better today, thank you!)

(Suffered a brutal asthma attack yesterday; I’ve no idea what may have been the cause. Doing just fine today!)

This incredible Post is from a from a friend that possibly, even today displays our complete ignorance about the dangers of “All Things Nuclear” . . .

”80 years later . . . and we still haven’t advanced much beyond this nonsense, have we?”, ~my friend.

😪
May be an image of text that says '่ "FLASH-READY" "FLASH MASK AND MITTEN PROTECTION AGAINST ATOMIC-ATTACKS Protect your head, face, neck, ατ and hands with specially impregnated, heat ONLY and flame resistant materlal. Packed in α handy plastia bag with fully illustrated instructions for mmediate use. Here is your complete shield against the $500 dangers of atomic attack. POSTPAID Always be ready always carry 號 with you. Order today by check or money order from 270 Park Ave. 108 QUALITY AGENCY New York 17, N. 17,N.Y. Y.'

and a realistic response for today, 80 years later . . .

“OMG, my friend! That outfit would simply add more fuel to the nuclear fire, but it’s not a whole lot different than building an underground bunker and expecting to live happily ever-after. Few of us, even today, have any concept of what a single modern nuclear bomb can do to a single metropolis like NYC or DC and surrounds.” ~me


ABOUT THE FOLLOWING ACCESS TO “LLAW’s All Nuclear Daily Digest” RELATED MEDIA”:

There are 7 categories, including a bonus non-nuclear category for news about the Yellowstone caldera and other volcanic and caldera activity around the world that also play an important role in the survival of human and other life.

The feature categories provide articles and information about ‘all things nuclear’ for you to pick from, usually with up to 3 links with headlines concerning the most important media stories in each category, but sometimes fewer and occasionally even none (especially so with the Yellowstone Caldera). The Categories are listed below in their usual order:

  1. All Things Nuclear
  2. Nuclear Power
  3. Nuclear Power Emergencies
  4. Nuclear War Threats
  5. Nuclear War
  6. Yellowstone Caldera (Note: There are no Yellowstone Caldera bonus stories available in today’s Post.)
  7. IAEA News (Friday’s only) (NOTE: It’s back!)

A current Digest of major nuclear media headlines with automated links is listed below by nuclear Category (in the above listed order). If a Category heading does not appear in the daily news Digest, it means there was no news reported from this Category today. Generally, the three best articles in each Category from around the nuclear world(s) are Posted. Occasionally, if a Post is important enough, it may be listed in multiple Categories.

TODAY’S ALL NUCLEAR WORLD’s NEWS, Thursday, (08/28/2025)

All Things Nuclear

NEWS

China Rejects US-Russia Nuclear Disarmament Talks as “Unreasonable & Unrealistic”

YouTube

… things we’re trying to do with Russia and with China is … all, and the strategic security environment and nuclear policies of the two …

Iran Not Yet Allowing Inspectors Into Main Nuclear Sites, Says U.N. Atomic Agency Chief

WSJ

The move appears to offer both countries’ nuclear weapons as a deterrent for all of Europe at a time when allies are nervous about the U.S. commitment …

France, Germany and UK begin process of reimposing UN sanctions on Iran over nuclear program

CNN

… Things · Chasing Life with Dr. Sanjay Gupta · The Assignment with … all UN sanctions that had been previously lifted in the 2015 Iran nuclear deal.

Nuclear Power

NEWS

Palisades becomes first decommissioned US nuclear plant to reach ‘operations’ status

Utility Dive

The plant still requires extensive work, including reassembling the main generator and turbine, before it can resume generating electricity, …

The World Bank can now fund nuclear energy projects: Here’s what’s next

Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

Two weeks after the ban was dropped, the group’s President Ajay Banga signed an agreement with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), …

Nuclear officials endorse using plutonium from dismantled warheads – Axios

Axios

A forthcoming Trump administration plan to make Cold War-era plutonium available to power companies for reactor fuel deserves a close look, nuclear …

Nuclear Power Emergencies

NEWS

County Participates in Nuclear Incident Training Drill

Wright County

On Aug. 12, the Monticello Nuclear Power Plant conducted a simulated emergency drill that included state and local staff, law enforcement, …

Pipeline Online Podcast Ep. 16: Dr. Chris Keefer, nuclear power advocate

Pipeline Online

Dr. Chris Keefer is a leading nuclear power generation advocate in Ontario and President Canadians for Nuclear Energy. He’s also a Toronto Emergency …

Nuclear War Threats

NEWS

IAEA chief says Iran’s cooperation with inspectors is a ‘work in progress’ as sanctions loom

AP News

The head of the U.N.’s nuclear watchdog has warned that the agency is not yet satisfied with Iran’s cooperation with international inspectors.

Are European powers pushing Iran into a corner with UN sanctions threat? – Al Jazeera

Al Jazeera

Iran rejects sanctions threats before renewed nuclear talks with Europe … And after the 12-day war, Iran denied access to the UN’s nuclear …

European nations start process to impose a ‘snapback’ of Iran nuclear sanctions at UN

PBS

It remains unclear just how much the Israel and U.S. strikes on nuclear sites during the war … IAEA chief gets special police protection over threats …

Nuclear War

NEWS

China Humiliates Trump As Putin Stays Silent On Nuclear Weapons Suggestion| Russia| US

YouTube

9:07. Go to channel · Zelensky’s First Reaction After Trump’s ‘Bull****’ Comment On Russia-Ukraine War| Putin| US| NATO. Hindustan Times New 20K views.

Twelve killed in Russian drone and missile attack on Kyiv, says Ukraine – BBC

BBC

Russia outsmarts France with nuclear power move in Niger. A proposal to build a nuclear plant in Niger may not come to fruition, but that is not the …

Iranian cleanup of nuclear site likely to erase proof of atomic work — report

The Times of Israel

… war between Israel and Iran and the June 22 US strikes on the country’s three main nuclear facilities. Get The Times of Israel’s Daily Edition by …

LLAW’s NUCLEAR WORLD DIGEST TODAY, #1027, Wednesday, (08/27/2025)

“End Nuclear Insanity Before Nuclear Insanity Ends Humanity” ~llaw

Lloyd A. Williams-Pendergraft

Aug 27, 2025

South Korean President Lee Jae Myung visits Washington

(See Trump image definition and image rights in the Reuter’s article below.)

On My Mind Today:

(Not feeling well today, so will save my larger thoughts until tomorrow . . . llaw)

Since I am feeling a bit sickly today, I will just send along the very Trump-like intrusion concerning the nuclear activities — mainly the concept of “denuclearization” as Trump refers to reducing the number of nuclear weapons around the globe.

He has talked about this before, but there is a huge problem with his definition of what the word even means. It does not mean simply reducing the number of nuclear weapons — as he stated in this Reuters story. because we actually know the world would only need a “few” nuclear weapons to destroy the entire world. I don’t think he knows that. This is his “statement” from the article:

We’re talking about limiting nuclear weapons. We’ll get China into that,” Trump said.

That is definitely not “denuclearization”

~llaw

Trump renews push for denuclearization talks with Russia and China

By Reuters

August 26, 20256:26 AM PDTUpdated August 26, 2025

South Korean President Lee Jae Myung visits Washington
U.S. President Donald Trump attends a meeting with South Korean President Lee Jae Myung (not pictured) at the Oval Office, at the White House, in Washington, D.C., U.S., August 25, 2025. REUTERS/Brian Snyder/File Photo

WASHINGTON, Aug 26 (Reuters) – U.S. President Donald Trump said he wants to open denuclearization talks with Russia and China, revisiting an issue he previously raised as he also seeks to restart stalled diplomacy with North Korea.

“One of the things we’re trying to do with Russia and with China is denuclearization, and it’s very important,” Trump told reporters ahead of his meeting on Monday with South Korean President Lee Jae Myung at the White House.

The Reuters Daily Briefing newsletter provides all the news you need to start your day. Sign up here.

“I think the denuclearization is a very — it’s a big aim, but Russia is willing to do it, and I think China is going to be willing to do it too. We can’t let nuclear weapons proliferate. We have to stop nuclear weapons. The power is too great,” Trump said.

At a separate White House event earlier on Monday, Trump said he had raised the issue with Russian President Vladimir Putin. He did not share specific details on when the conversation took place.

“We’re talking about limiting nuclear weapons. We’ll get China into that,” Trump said.

“China is way behind, but they’ll catch us in five years. We would like to denuclearize. It’s too much power, and we talked about that also,” Trump added.

The U.S. president’s comments come as he expressed his desire to meet with North Korea’s leader Kim Jong Un this year.

Kim has ignored Trump’s repeated calls since the Republican president took office in January to revive the direct diplomacy Trump pursued during his 2017–2021 term in office, which produced no deal to halt North Korea’s nuclear program.

Trump had first laid out his intention to pursue nuclear arms control efforts in February, saying he wanted to begin discussions with both Putin and Chinese President Xi Jinping about imposing limits on their arsenals.

Speaking to reporters in the Oval Office at the time, Trump said denuclearization would be a goal of his second term and that he hoped to get started in the “not too distant future”.

The renewed focus on nuclear arms control comes as the New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, or New START, is set to expire on February 5, 2026. The treaty, signed in 2010, is the last remaining nuclear arms agreement between the U.S. and Russia and limits the number of strategic warheads and delivery systems each side can deploy.

Russia warned earlier this year that prospects for renewing the treaty appeared dim. Under Trump’s predecessor, then-President Joe Biden, the U.S. had pushed China to engage in formal nuclear arms talks, but made little progress.

Reporting by Steve Holland, Nandita Bose and Susan Heavey; Editing by Alex Richardson


ABOUT THE FOLLOWING ACCESS TO “LLAW’s All Nuclear Daily Digest” RELATED MEDIA”:

There are 7 categories, including a bonus non-nuclear category for news about the Yellowstone caldera and other volcanic and caldera activity around the world that also play an important role in the survival of human and other life.

The feature categories provide articles and information about ‘all things nuclear’ for you to pick from, usually with up to 3 links with headlines concerning the most important media stories in each category, but sometimes fewer and occasionally even none (especially so with the Yellowstone Caldera). The Categories are listed below in their usual order:

  1. All Things Nuclear
  2. Nuclear Power
  3. Nuclear Power Emergencies
  4. Nuclear War Threats
  5. Nuclear War
  6. Yellowstone Caldera (Note: There is one Yellowstone Caldera bonus story available in today’s Post.)
  7. IAEA News (Friday’s only) (NOTE: It’s back!)

A current Digest of major nuclear media headlines with automated links is listed below by nuclear Category (in the above listed order). If a Category heading does not appear in the daily news Digest, it means there was no news reported from this Category today. Generally, the three best articles in each Category from around the nuclear world(s) are Posted. Occasionally, if a Post is important enough, it may be listed in multiple Categories.

TODAY’S ALL NUCLEAR WORLD’s NEWS, Wednesday, (08/27/2025)

All Things Nuclear

NEWS

UN nuclear inspectors return to Iran for first time since conflict with Israel | CNN

CNN

“We are about to restart… there are many (nuclear) facilities, some were attacked and some were not. We are discussing what kind of practical …

Iran faces ‘snapback’ of sanctions over its nuclear program. Here’s what that means

AP News

The International Atomic Energy Agency was tasked with monitoring Iran’s nuclear program. The snapback mechanism’s purpose is to swiftly reimpose all …

Russia outsmarts France with nuclear power move in Niger – BBC

BBC

Archive. Copyright 2025 BBC. All rights reserved. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Read about our appr…

Nuclear Power

NEWS

U.S. Nuclear Energy Drive to Spur Uranium Enrichment – WSJ

The Wall Street Journal

The growing need for electricity to power artificial intelligence and massive data centers in the U.S. promises to usher nuclear energy into a new …

VIRGINIA IS FOR NUCLEAR: North Anna Power Station’s two reactors generate more than … – Facebook

Full Coverage

US States Continue to Generate Nuclear Legislation – Up & Atom – Morgan Lewis

Morgan Lewis

In 2023, Illinois Governor J.B. Pritzker vetoed a bill that would have lifted the state’s moratorium on new nuclear power plant construction, although …

Russia outsmarts France with nuclear power move in Niger – BBC

BBC

A proposal to build a nuclear plant in Niger may not come to fruition, but that is not the point.

Nuclear Power Emergencies

NEWS

Palisades Nuclear Plant Moved to Operations Status, Ready to Receive Fuel

POWER Magazine

Holtec said that includes training for an emergency response group, “which completed its FEMA/NRC-graded exercise with local and state partners last …

Palisades back in operation status, owner Holtec says – The Detroit News

The Detroit News

… nuclear power plant in the United States. The plant under its previous … “The plant’s Emergency Plan is fully active, supported by a …

Flag as irrelevantPalisades restart has entered ‘final phase’ in Covert Twp. – The Holland Sentinel

The Holland Sentinel

Holtec wrote the plant’s emergency plan … A yearslong effort to resume power operations at Palisades Nuclear Power Plant in Covert Township has.

Nuclear War Threats

NEWS

UN nuclear watchdog chief said to receive 24/7 security detail due to Iranian threat

The Times of Israel

Austrian security tipped off about an Iran-linked risk to IAEA director Grossi, WSJ reports, following public Iranian threats during June war with …

China Responds to Trump Nuclear Weapons Push – Newsweek

Newsweek

… threaten to spark a nuclear war. According to the Stockholm … threats of annihilation. But Pyongyang has since accelerated its nuclear …

Iran warns European powers of consequences for sanctions at nuclear talks – Al Jazeera

Al Jazeera

Iran rejects sanctions threats before renewed nuclear talks with Europe … The war derailed Tehran’s nuclear negotiations with the United States …

Nuclear War

NEWS

Trump renews push for denuclearization talks with Russia and China – Reuters

Reuters

Israel and Hamas at War … Under Trump’s predecessor, then-President Joe Biden, the U.S. had pushed China to engage in formal nuclear arms talks, but …

Trump says Putin ‘doesn’t like’ Zelenskyy; Ukraine warned it could lose Starlink access

Sky News

A Russian attack on a Ukrainian mine has reportedly killed one worker, injured three and trapped 146 miners underground. “The attack damaged the …

Nobel Peace Prize laureate inspires IU students to confront nuclear threat

News at IU – Indiana University

Helfand speak on the prevention of nuclear war was a truly enriching experience. He put into perspective the dangers of nuclear weapons and the …

Yellowstone Caldera

NEWS

Etna Volcano (Italy) Activity Update Aug 26, 2025 – Eruptive Activity Increased

Volcano Discovery

Germany has a large number of volcanoes – most of them extinct, but the Eifel volc

LLAW’s NUCLEAR WORLD DIGEST TODAY, #1026, Tuesday, (08/26/2025)

“End Nuclear Insanity Before Nuclear Insanity Ends Humanity” ~llaw

Lloyd A. Williams-Pendergraft

Aug 26, 2025

Five Threats More Dangerous to Humanity Than Nuclear War

On My Mind Today:

Let me just say this: There is absolutely nothing on or near planet Earth that is more dangerous to humanity than “All Things Nuclear”, including nuclear war and nuclear energy!

You ask, How can I say this when scientists say, as reported in the following article from “Zamin.uz (Uzbekistan if you are not familiar with the country)? The reason I say this is that ‘all things nuclear, including war and every other imaginable use of it — with the possible exception of very limited medical uses — is already here and it’s growing like global wildfire beyond human capacity faster than we can, or even want to, control the use of or even eliminate its rapidly increasing nuclear waste along with very serious other threats — particularly up to military grade uranium itself and the multitude of dangers associated with this radiation contaminated fuel that makes all things nuclear so dangerous and beyond human control — or creates an unconscious lack thereof — ignoring what uranium and its products and their intrinsic value are capable of global abuse with no “cure” or limited range of territory. The refined fuel and its products in anyway mishandled by unqualified or even dishonest human beings who know the value both in human-controlled power and financial gain via extortion, blackmail, and even terrorism.

So, perhaps other than a future presently unknown pandemic issue, the other four disasters and dangers to humanity — and other life, of course — is either localized, such as volcanism, but also includes the likely limited ranges of absolute global threats of asteroids and other debris from outer space, which can these days be potentially intercepted and destroyed in outer space, or has the capability to be controlled by human avoidance and medication, intelligently altering our lifestyles to do away with the causes of global warming, and limiting advances in technologies like AI (Artificial Intelligence) and, as for cyberattacks and infrastructure threats, except for uranium fuel and nuclear products that are potentially (likely) are already here, human common sense is capable of controlling such threats because we are already anti-whatever they are, which is not the case with “all things nuclear”, because we seem to think of everything nuclear as our friend, or maybe even our salvation? ~llaw

Zamin

🌙

ЎЗ RU TR O‘Z

20:11 / 26.08.2025

World

Aziza Shukhratova

Aziza Shukhratova

Editor of «ZAMIN.UZ»

Five Threats More Dangerous to Humanity Than Nuclear War

Five Threats More Dangerous to Humanity Than Nuclear War

Nuclear war is considered a great disaster for humanity, but according to scientists, there are even greater threats on Earth. These threats are not just from science fiction, but are based on scientists’ reports and historical research. Some of them can pose a great danger to humanity on a global scale.

Supervolcano — A Great Danger Beneath the Earth

Everyone knows what a “volcano” is, but a supervolcano is a completely different matter. This is not just a mountain with a crater, but a whole underground system capable of splitting a continent. For example, the Yellowstone volcano in the USA hides a reservoir of water with a volume of thousands of cubic kilometers. According to scientists, an eruption of such a volcano could dry out the surrounding areas and cause global cooling.

The Danger of an Asteroid Strike

Earth constantly collides with space debris. Most of these fragments burn in the atmosphere, creating meteors. However, there is a threat of a larger “guest” coming.

66 million years ago, the giant Chicxulub asteroid hit the Yucatan Peninsula. The shockwave caused earthquakes, fires, and tsunamis. Tons of dust were lifted into the atmosphere, blocking the Sun for years. This led to the extinction of the dinosaurs.

Modern astronomers track “potentially hazardous objects”. NASA and ESA are developing early detection programs, and recently they even tested the DART mission — for the first time in history, humans attempted to change the trajectory of an asteroid. But all this is just a reminder: space is unpredictable, and at any moment, it could bring a stone that can wipe out cities faster than we can map them.

The Risk of a New Pandemic

The 21st century has already shown how viruses can paralyze the planet. Due to COVID-19, flights were halted for months, borders were closed, and huge economic losses were incurred.

The threat is linked to viruses like Ebola or avian flu, which can be extremely dangerous. So far, they haven’t spread widely because of their speed — the infected die before they can infect thousands of others. But one day, a strain combining the contagiousness of COVID-19 and the lethality of Ebola may appear, and its consequences will be catastrophic.

Another threat is bioengineering. Modern technologies allow pathogens to be altered in laboratories. Scientists are seriously discussing this: a mistake or misuse could result in a virus that humanity cannot defend against.

Global Climate Change

Catastrophic events on Earth may not happen with explosions in the sky, but slowly, through droughts, storms, and melting glaciers. The climate is changing, and this is no longer a prediction, but a fact confirmed by global observations.

Since the beginning of the industrial era, the Earth’s average temperature has risen by about 1.2 degrees. This causes a chain reaction: Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are melting, sea levels are rising, and entire regions are becoming uninhabitable.

Scientists are worried about so-called “tipping points.” For example, the shutdown of the Gulf Stream, which regulates Europe’s climate, or the release of methane from the Siberian permafrost. If these processes begin, they will be irreversible, and the planet will change beyond recognition.

Artificial Intelligence and Technological Threats

Technology makes life more convenient, but it also brings new types of threats. Today, artificial intelligence is already writing texts, controlling drones, and analyzing data faster than humans. So far, this is helpful. But scientists are debating what will happen if it becomes a “player” with its own goals.

Stephen Hawking warned that if artificial intelligence goes out of control, humanity will not be able to compete. Elon Musk also said that uncontrolled artificial intelligence could be even more dangerous than nuclear weapons. Although this may seem like a science fiction scenario, its likelihood forces us to think.

Cyberattacks and Infrastructure Threats

The world has become overly dependent on technology, and cyberattacks can destroy global infrastructures. Imagine a disruption in medicine, transportation, or military infrastructure! The world is too dependent on technology, and this dependence may one day turn against us, as reported by ixbt.com.


ABOUT THE FOLLOWING ACCESS TO “LLAW’s All Nuclear Daily Digest” RELATED MEDIA”:

There are 7 categories, including a bonus non-nuclear category for news about the Yellowstone caldera and other volcanic and caldera activity around the world that also play an important role in the survival of human and other life.

The feature categories provide articles and information about ‘all things nuclear’ for you to pick from, usually with up to 3 links with headlines concerning the most important media stories in each category, but sometimes fewer and occasionally even none (especially so with the Yellowstone Caldera). The Categories are listed below in their usual order:

  1. All Things Nuclear
  2. Nuclear Power
  3. Nuclear Power Emergencies
  4. Nuclear War Threats
  5. Nuclear War
  6. Yellowstone Caldera (Note: There are three Yellowstone Caldera bonus stories available in today’s Post.)
  7. IAEA News (Friday’s only) (NOTE: It’s back!)

A current Digest of major nuclear media headlines with automated links is listed below by nuclear Category (in the above listed order). If a Category heading does not appear in the daily news Digest, it means there was no news reported from this Category today. Generally, the three best articles in each Category from around the nuclear world(s) are Posted. Occasionally, if a Post is important enough, it may be listed in multiple Categories.

TODAY’S ALL NUCLEAR WORLD’s NEWS, Tuesday, (08/26/2025)

All Things Nuclear

NEWS

Iran faces reimposition of sanctions unless it negotiates on nuclear program – CNN

CNN

… Things · Chasing Life with Dr … The snapback automatically reimposes all UN Security Council sanctions that were lifted under the 2015 deal.

More victims of radiation exposure can qualify for assistance but beware of scammers

Nevada Public Radio

All Things Considered. Next Up: 6:30 PM Marketplace. 0:00. 0:00. All Things … Some groups are sounding the alarm on potential scams that target people …

European Officials Press Iran on Nuclear Talks. Here’s What to Know. – The New York Times

The New York Times

… all uranium enrichment. … Though damaged, Iran’s nuclear program is hardly destroyed, and much of its knowledge about nuclear enrichment cannot be …

Nuclear Power

NEWS

Bill Gates-backed TerraPower, Utah to explore nuclear reactor sites amid power demand surge

Reuters

… on Monday to explore sites for a nuclear reactor project and an energy storage plant amid soaring demand for power.

New report lays out path to U.S. nuclear energy dominance

American Nuclear Society

Working group chair Todd Abrajano said, “We welcome the Trump administration’s bold moves to kick-start the U.S. nuclear energy sector, but we …

In Utah, a Bill Gates-backed nuclear company is exploring where to build a power plant

The Salt Lake Tribune

As Utah eyes a nuclear energy future, a Bill Gates-backed company is looking to build its next nuclear power plant somewhere in the Beehive State.

Nuclear Power Emergencies

NEWS

Did you know VA has a radiological medical emergency response team? – EIN Presswire

EIN Presswire

… Emergency Management Agency assistance in emergency preparedness planning at commercial nuclear power plants. By 1992, VA formed the MERRT, its …

Nuclear War Threats

NEWS

Putin’s nuclear offer to Trump: arms control, and perhaps China too? – Reuters

Reuters

NUCLEAR THREATS. Both Putin and Trump have explicitly warned in public of the risk that World War Three could break out over Ukraine. Putin last …

Putin’s nuclear offer to Trump: arms control, and perhaps China too? – DD News

DD News

… nuclear war – is poised to expire. Russia has about 4,300 … NUCLEAR THREATS. Both Putin and Trump have explicitly warned in public …

Five Threats More Dangerous to Humanity Than Nuclear War – Zamin.uz, 26.08.2025

Zamin.uz

Nuclear war is considered a great disaster for humanity, but according to scientists, there are even greater threats on Earth.

Nuclear War

NEWS

Putin’s nuclear offer to Trump: arms control, and perhaps China too? – Reuters

Reuters

… nuclear arms control treaty – signed in an attempt to reduce the risk of nuclear war – is poised to expire. Russia has about 4,300 stockpiled and …

Nobel Laureate inspires IU students to confront nuclear threat: Hamilton Lugar School

News at IU – Indiana University

Ira Helfand, M.D., recipient of the 2017 Nobel Peace Prize, spoke passionately about the risks of nuclear war during a March 2025 event for Hamilton …

Iran faces reimposition of sanctions unless it negotiates on nuclear program – CNN

CNN

… nuclear sites during a 12-day war in June. Since then, inspectors from the UN’s nuclear watchdog, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) …

Yellowstone Caldera

NEWS

Cascade volcanoes are so much more than towering peaks | U.S. Geological Survey

USGS.gov

Yellowstone Caldera Chronicles is a weekly column written by scientists and collaborators of the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory. This week’s …

Researches Discover The ‘Lid’ That is Holding Back the Eruption of Yellowstone Supervolcano

Green Matters

For hundreds of years, this molten magma cap has helped the Yellowstone supervolcano remain calm.

When a Tourist Fell Into Yellowstone’s Hot Spring It Became Clear Why Warning Signs Are …

Green Matters

“This enormous heat flow is derived from the molten rock or magma in the crust beneath the caldera, which ultimately is generated by the Yellowstone …